Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of Shuxuening combined with piperacillin-sulbactam on treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients complicated with lower respiratory tract infections.METHODS A total of 86 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients complicated with lower respiratory tract infections who were treated in the hospital from Jun 2013 to Jun 2016 were enrolled in the study and randomly divided into the combined treatment group and the control group, with 43 cases in each group.The control group was given Shuxuening injection on the basis of conventional therapy, while the combined treatment group was treated with piperacillin-sulbactam on the basis of the treatment of the control group.The pathogens isolated from the patients with lower respiratory tract infection were identified.The efficacy, inflammatory factors, forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), and incidence of adverse reactions were observed and compared between the two groups of patients.RESULTS Totally 95 strains of pathogens were isolated from the 86 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients complicated with lower respiratory tract infections, of which 60 (63.2%) were gram-negative bacteria, 31 (32.6%) were gram-positive bacteria, and 4 (4.2%) were fungi.The total effective rate of treatment of the type 2 diabetes mellitus patients complicated with lower respiratory tract infections was 93.0% in the combined treatment group, remarkably higher than 67.4% in the control group (P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the levels of inflammatory factors or FEV1/FVC between the two groups of patients before the treatment.The levels of inflammatory factors of the two groups of patients were significantly reduced after the treatment(P＜0.01), and the levels of inflammatory factors of the combined treatment group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P＜0.01).The FEV1/FVC of the two groups of patients was significantly increased (P＜0.01), and the FEV1/FVC of the combined treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P＜0.01).The incidence of adverse reactions was 9.3% in the combined treatment group, 11.6% in the control group, and there was no significant difference between the two groups.CONCLUSIONShuxuening combined with piperacillin-sulbactam can achieve favorable clinical effect on treatment of the type 2 diabetes mellitus patients complicated with lower respiratory tract infections, remarkably reduce the levels of C-reactive protein, B-type brain natriuretic peptide, and procalcitonin as well as improve the lung function, with high safety.