Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the value of CT in diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis so as to provide guidance for clinical diagnosis and treatment.METHODS Totally 60 acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis who were treated in the hospital from Jan 2010 to Feb 2015 were chosen as the observation group, meanwhile, 60 normal immune patients complicated with pulmonary diseases were set as the control group.The results of surgical histopathology and laboratory examination, clinical manifestations, and outcomes were statistically analyzed; the types, distribution, and range of lesions were observed; the CT manifestations were compared between the two groups of patients.RESULTS The incidence rate of fever, dyspnea, fatigue, poor appetite, weight loss, superficial lymph node enlargement, headaches, diarrhea, blurred vision, white spot of the oral mucosa, skin itching, skin rash, frequent urination, dysuria, urgent urination, complication with other pulmonary infections, or extrapulmonary tuberculosis was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group (P＜0.05).Most of the lesions located in the middle and lower lungs of the patients in the observation group and in the upper lungs of the patients in the control group.The patients with the lesions ranged more than 3 lobes of the observation group were significantly more than those of the control group, however, the patients with the lesions restricted in 1 lobe were significantly less than those of the control group; the patients of the type Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅳ, or Ⅴ were significantly more in the observation group than in the control group(P＜0.05).The rates of the CT signs such as calcification, hollow, fibrosis, and bronchiectasis were remarkably lower in the observation group than in the control group, however, the rates of mediastinal lymph node enlargement, millet nodules, and pleural effusion were significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group (P＜0.05).CONCLUSIONThe patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome have a variety of clinical symptoms, the pulmonary lesions mainly locate in the middle and lower lungs and involve 3 lobes or below.The patients should be considered to have tuberculosis when the CT examination reveals the sign of lymph node enlargement, pleural effusion, or millet nodules so as to conduct the targeted diagnosis and treatment and facilitate the improvement of prognosis.