Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the clinical characteristics of postoperative endophthalmitis in patients with senile cataract and observe the effects of the prevention measures.METHODS Totally 78 senile cataract patients with postoperative endophthalmitis who were treated in hospitals from Feb 2010 to Mar 2016 were chosen as the case group, meanwhile, 78 senile cataract patients without postoperative endophthalmitis or complications were set as the control group.The preoperative clinical data were analyzed and compared between the two groups of patients, and the effects of the prevention measures were observed.RESULTS The proportion of the patients complicated with hypertension, diabetic mellitus was significantly higher in the case group than in the control group (P＜0.05).Among the patients with postoperative endophthalmitis, the incidence rate of Staphylococcus epidermidis infections was 76.92%, and the incidence rate of mycotic infection was 10.26%.It was of great significance to treat the infections by different measures so as to facilitate the recovery of postoperative vision.CONCLUSIONThe postoperative endophthalmitis is a severe complication in the patients with senile cataract.It is necessary to conduct etiological examination in early stage, take prevention measures for preoperative, intraoperative endophthalmitis, and adopt different treatment measures on the basis of characteristics of pathogens once the postoperative endophthalmitis occurs so as to facilitate the recovery of visual function.