Abstract: As a leading species of pathogen causing nosocomial infections, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia may result in severe infections in immunocompromised patients and intensive care unit patients.S.maltophilia is prevalent in hospital environment and shows natural resistance to a variety of commonly used antibiotics and disinfectants, which brings great challenge to the clinical control and treatment of the infections.The authors of the paper interpret the risk factors for the nosocomial S.maltophilia infections, define the high-risk populations, virulence factors, and drug resistance mechanisms, and introduce the latest strategies for clinical control and treatment of infections so as to provide guidance for treatment, control, and prevention of the S.maltophilia infections.