Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the influence of dysphagia screening and prospective intervention on inhalation pulmonary infections in hospitalized neurology patients. METHODS A total of 324 cases of patients from Jan. 2014 to May 2016 in our hospital were selected as the research objects, and were randomly divided into two groups, with 162 cases in each group. Patients in control group were received conventional intervention, and in observation group were used dysphagia prospective intervention. The efficacy between the two groups were compared. RESULTS There were 53 cases of dysphagia in control group, with the detection rate of 32.72%, and 87 cases in observation group, with the detection rate of 53.700%, the difference was significant (P<0.05). After 4 weeks of treatment, 22 cases had inhalation pulmonary infection in control group, with the infection rate of 13.58%, and 6 cases in observation group, with the infection rate of 3.70%, which was significant (P<0.05). Totally 52 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected in 28 cases, including 33 strains of gram-negative bacteria,accounting for 63.46%, and 17 strains of gram-positive bacteria, accounting for 32.69%. Compared with the clinical curative effect, the total effective rate of control group was 66.04%, and the total effective rate of observation group was 81.60%, and the difference was significant (P<0.05). After 4 weeks of treatment, compared with observation group, the white blood cell count, neutrophil percentage, oxygenation index and reduction of chest X-ray shadow more than 50% of control group of patients had significant differences (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Dysphagia screening can improve the detection rate of dysphagia, and can reduce the incidence of inhalation pulmonary infections and improve the treatment effect combined with dysphagia prospective intervention.