Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the pulmonary function, distribution of pathogenic bacteria and drug resistance CRBSI patients with central venous catheter in mechanical ventilation. METHODS A total of 52 cases of mechanical ventilation indwelling central venous catheter for patients with CRBSI in our hospital for treatment from Aug. 2012 to Dec. 2016 were selected as infection group. and 58 cases of patients without CRBSI at same period in our hospital were set as uninfected group. The distribution of pathogens and the drug sensitivity to commonly used antibacterial drugs were analyzed, and the pulmonary function related indexes between the two groups of patients were compared. RESULTS A total of 60 strains of pathogens were isolated from 52 patients of infection group, including 39 strains of gram-positive bacteria, accounting for 65%, which were mainly Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus, and 21 strains of gram-negative bacteria, accounting for 35%, which were mainly Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli. Drug sensitivity test results showed that gram-positive bacteria had high resistant rates to penicillin, gentamicin and azithromycin, and the highest rate was 100%, and were sensitive to vancomycin . Gram-negative bacteria had high resistant rates to amoxicillin, tobramycin and gentamicin, and the highest rate was 90.48%, and were sensitive to imipenem. FEV1, FVC and FEV1/FVC in infection group were (1.99±0.28)L, (3.19±0.21)L, and (49.12±6.54)%,which were significantly lower than (2.36±0.31)L, (3.45±0.63)L and (54.21±6.89)% in uninfected group(P＜0.05). CONCLUSION CRBSI will lead to pulmonary function decline in patients with mechanical ventilation for central venous catheter, it is suggested the clinical use of the principles of aseptic control measures strictly, so as to reduce the risk of infection in patients with early.