Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the therapeutic value of the higher perforating branch of peroneal artery supplied flap in curing the postoperative incisional deep tissue infections after closed calcaneal fracture internal fixation. METHODS A total of 40 intractable cases which were admitted to the No.1 Central Hospital of Baoding City from May 2010 to Aug. 2015 retrospectively analyzed. All the patients were incisional-infected in their deep tissue after calcaneal fracture operations. Among them the wounds of 20 cases (group A) were covered by the higher perforating branch of peroneal artery supplied flaps (HPBPAF), while the rest 20 cases (group B) were operated with sural neurovascular flaps (SNF). Both preoperative culture of the wounds, purulent secretion and intraoperative culture of the inflammatory granulation were done on both groups (preoperative culture and intraoperative culture). The etiology of patients were analyzed. The value of preoperative culture and intraoperative culture were compared, and postoperative infection control and flap quality were observed. RESULTS Staphylococcus aureu and Staphylococcus epidermidis were the most common bacteria in both two groups. Intraoperative culture detection rate was 100%, which was higher than 75% of preoperative culture (P＜0.05). For group A, all the infected cases were cured and the cure rate was 100%, and for group B, 13 cases were cured and the cure rate was 65%. The difference was significant between the two groups(P<0.05). For the evaluation of late-stage flap quality, 19 cases were excellent, 1 was good and 0 was poor in group A,. For group B, 9 cases were excellent, 2 were good and 9 were poor. The difference was also significant between the two groups(P<0.05). CONCLUSION HPBPAF is better than SNF in repairing calcaneal fracture related postoperative infections in deep tissue of incision cite.