Abstract: OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical data of patients with puerperal infection and analyze the distribution of pathogens and drug resistance. METHODS A total of 2846 puerperant were selected in our hospital from Jan. 2015 to Dec. 2016, of whom 37 were diagnosed with puerperal infection. Clinical specimens were collected for bacterial culture and susceptibility testing. RESULTS There were 37 cases of puerperal infection, accounting for 1.30%. Totally 37 strains of pathogens were detected, including 26 strains (70.27%) of gram-negative bacteria, and 11 strains (29.73%) of gram-positive bacteria. The main gram-negative bacteria were more resistant to penbritin, among which Escherichia coli was more sensitive to cefepime and levofloxacin, and Gardnerella vaginalis was more sensitive to levofloxacin. The main gram-positive bacteria were more resistant to ampicillin, among which Hemolytic streptococcus was more sensitive to ceftazidime. The four pathogens were more sensitive or had no resistance to piperacillin sulbactam, imipenem and vancomycin. CONCLUSION The main points for the diagnosis and treatment of puerperal infection are early prevention, rational use of drugs and timely treatment. The results of the drug susceptibility provide a reference for the replacement or empiric use of antibiotics in patients with puerperal infection.