Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the changes of serum inflammatory factors in patients with open fracture infection. METHODS A total of 200 patients with open fracture from Jan. 2014 to Dec. 2016 were selected as open fracture group, and 200 health examiners matched with the gender and age of the open fracture patients were selected as control group. The pathogens of infected patients were isolated and identified, peripheral blood was collected, and serum was separated. The serum C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and procalcitonin (PCT) levels of the two groups were determined. RESULTS In 200 patients with open fractures, 45 cases of patients had infections, and the infection rate was 22.5%. Totally 46 strains of pathogens were cultivated from 41 cases of patients, including 7 strains of Enterococcus faecalis, 6 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 6 strains of Staphylococcus aureus, accounting for 15.2%, 13.0% and 13.0%, respectively. The levels of CRP, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and PCT in open fractures group were higher than those in control group (P<0.05). The levels of CRP, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and PCT in infection group were higher than those in noninfection group(P<0.05). CONCLUSION The levels of serum inflammatory markers in patients with open fractures patients are elevated, and the patients with open fracture infection obviously had higher levels of serum inflammatory markers.