Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the clinical diagnostic values of serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and albumin (ALB) in premature infants with early infections. METHODS A total of 156 cases of premature infants hospitalized from Feb. 2015 to Mar. 2016 in our hospital for treatment were selected as the research objects, and were divided into infection group (74 cases) and non-infected group (82 cases) according to the infection status of premature infants. Blood samples of premature infants were collected for detection of white blood cell count (WBC), platelet count (PLT) and hs-CRP and ALB at 24h after the infants admitted into the neonatal intensive care unit. RESULTS There were 74 cases of premature infants had infections in the 156 cases of patients, and the infection rate was 47.44%, which was mainly pneumonia. Totally 90 strains of pathogens were detected in infected premature infants, including 18 strains of gram-negative bacteria accounting for 20.00%, mainly Escherichia coli, and 65 strains of gram-positive bacteria accounting for 72.22%, mainly Staphylococcus aurous and Staphylococcus epidermises. The white blood cell count, platelet count and albumin of infection group were (13.28±4.20)×10⁹/L, (238.30±41.02)×10⁹/L and (26.54 ± 10.25)g/L, which were lower than (17.10±5.12)×10⁹/L, (261.05±42.06)×10⁹/L and (29.64 ± 12.24)g/L in non-infected group, and hs-CRP and ALB in infection group at 24h and 48h were (2.38 ± 0.49)mg/L and (22.03 ± 9.36)mg/L, which were significantly higher than (1.02 ± 0.21)mg/L and (17.65 ± 8.67) mg/L in non-infected group (P<0.05). There were 3 cases died in infection group after 48h, and the mortality rate was 4.05%. CONCLUSION Serum hs-CRP and ALB can be used as effective clinical diagnostic indexes of early infection in premature infants, and hs-CRP and ALB of infants within 24 hours of admission to the NICU can greatly improve the diagnostic sensitivity.