Abstract: OBJECTIVE To understand the current status of needlestick injuries in health care workers, analyze the causes and explore the prevention and treatment measures so as to raise the awareness of protection. METHODS From Jan 2010 to Jan 2017, the status of needlestick injuries in the health care workers of the sanatorium was retrospectively investigated, and the distribution of the health care workers with needlestick injuries in departments and the causes were statistically analyzed. RESULTS Of the health care workers who had the needlestick injuries, 27.94% were from surgery departments, and 26.47% were from internal medicine departments; 19.12% had the needlestick injuries due to venous blood collection, 17.65% due to withdrawal of transfusion needles, 13.24% due to intramuscular injection. CONCLUSION It is an effective way to understand the related factors for the needlestick injuries in clinical practice so as to boost the self-protection awareness of the health care workers, put forward the targeted prevention and treatment countermeasures, greatly reduce the hazards of needlestick injuries and prevent the spread of infectious diseases.