Abstract: OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs)- and cephalosporinases (AmpC)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae so as to provide guidance for reasonable clinical use of antibiotics. METHODS The specimens that were submitted from clinical departments from Jan 2011 to Dec 2016 were cultured, the isolation rates of ESBLs- and AmpC-producing K.pneumoniae were analyzed, the drug susceptibility testing was carried out by using K-B method, the ESBLs were detected by means of double-disk synergistic test, the AmpC was detected with the use of cefoxitin three-dimensional experiment, and the bacterial identification was performed by using VITEK-2-compact GN card of BioMérieux, France. RESULTS A total of 2124 strains of K.pneumoniae were isolated, of which 60.64% were isolated from lower respiratory tract secretions and tracheal aspirates.Totally 952 strains of enzymes-producing bacteria were isolated in the 6 years, with the isolation rate 44.82%, including 750 (78.78%) strains of ESBLs-producing K.pneumoniae, 123 (12.92%) strains of AmpC-producing K.pneumoniae and 79 (8.30%) strains of ESBLs plus AmpC-producing K.pneumoniae .The isolation rate of the enzymes-producing strains was 56.07% in ICU, 55.77% in rehabilitation department.The isolation rate of the enzymes-producing strains was the highest (55.52%) in the more than 60-year old group, as compared with other age groups, there was significant difference (χ²=174.468,P＜0.01).There was significant difference in the resistance to the same antibiotic between the enzymes-producing strains and the non-enzymes-producing strains (P＜0.01).The carbapenems-resistant strains have emerged among the enzymes-producing strains.The drug resistance rate of the AmpC-producing K.pneumoniae strains was higher than that of the ESBLs-producing strains to the 15 kinds of antibiotics except for 7 kinds of antibiotics including cefazolin, cefuroxime, cefepime, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim and minocycline.The drug resistance rate of the ESBLs plus AmpC-producing K.pneumoniae strains was higher than that of the AmpC-producing or ESBLs-producing strains to 19 kinds of antibiotics except for cefazolin, cefuroxime and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. CONCLUSION The enzymes-producing K.pneumoniae strains are highly drug-resistant, and it is necessary for the hospital to reasonably use antibiotics so as to reduce the drug resistance rate.