Abstract: OBJECTIVE To analyze the related factors of nosocomial infections in emergency stroke patients and to study the changes of inflammatory cytokine levels in patients. METHODS A total of 286 patients with emergency stroke from Dec. 2015 to Oct. 2016 were chosen in this study. The related factors and pathogens of nosocomial infections were analyzed. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-12 (IL-12), IL-18, IL-6 and IL-8 in infected and non-infected patients were observed. RESULTS Among the 286 patients, 41 cases were infected, and the infection rate was 14.34%. Infection sites were mainly respiratory system and digestive system. Totally 59 pathogens were cultured and isolated, of which 40 strains of gram-negative bacteria accounted for 67.80%, 16 strains of gram-positive bacteria accounted for 27.12%, and 3 strains of fungi accounted for 5.08%. Age, length of hospital stay, invasive procedures, combined diabetes mellitus and antimicrobial use were the related factors of nosocomial infections in stroke patients(P＜0.001). The levels of TNF-α, IL-12, IL-18, IL-6 and IL-8 in infected patients were (24.45 ± 7.29)ng/L, (134.55 ± 43.03) ng/L, (253.06±50.92) ng/L, (96.04±40.04) ng/L and (99.93±38.43) ng/L, which were significantly higher than those in non-infected patients (all P<0.001). CONCLUSION Nosocomial infections in emergency stroke patients should be caused clinical attention. Infected sites are mainly respiratory system and digestive system. For gram-negative bacteria, we should take positive prevention, and take targeted intervention in susceptible populations, to effectively control the occurrence of nosocomial infections.