Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of antibiotics prophylaxis on prevention of infections in patients undergoing total hysterectomy (THR) and observe the impact on prognosis. METHODS A total of 48 patients who received THR in hospitals from May 2014 to May 2015 were recruited as the study objects and randomly divided into the observation group and the control group, with 24 cases in each group.The control group was treated with antibiotics after the surgery, while the observation group was given antibiotic prophylaxis during perioperative period.The clinical therapeutic effects and treatment outcomes were observed and compared between the two groups of patients. RESULTS There was no significant difference in the operation duration or intraoperative blood loss volume between the two groups of patients.The postoperative average body temperature of the observation group was closer to the normal body temperature than that of the control group.The time of abatement of fever of the observation group was (1.5±1.1) days, significantly shorter than that of the control group(P＜0.05).The total effective rate of treatment of the observation group was 91.67%, significantly higher than 75.00% of the control group(P<0.05).The total incidence rate of postoperative infection of the observation group was 8.33%, significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).The cost of antibiotics of the observation group was (447.6±38.4) yuan, significantly less than that of the control group; the average length of hospital stay of the observation group was (9.13±1.34) days, significantly shorter than that of the control group; the total length of hospital stay of the observation group was (4445.7±468.4) yuan, significantly less than that of the control group (P＜0.05). CONCLUSION The antibiotics prophylaxis can achieve significantly effect on prevention of infection in the total hysterectomy patients during the perioperative periods, with the cost-effect favorable.