Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the influence of nursing modes on incidence of nosocomial infections in patients with hematological diseases during hospital stay. METHODS A total of 1024 patients who were hospitalized for treatment from Jan 2011 to Dec 2016 were recruited as the study objects, 425 patients who were treated from Jan 2011 to Dec 2013 were assigned as the control group, and 599 patients who were treated from Jan 2014 to Dec 2016 were set as the observation group.The control group was treated with conventional nursing modes, while the observation group was given comprehensive nursing measures in response to the patients of hematology department.The incidence of nosocomial infections was compared between the two groups of patients. RESULTS Totally 84 patients had nosocomial infections in the control group, with the infection rate 19.76%; totally 52 patients had nosocomial infections in the observation group, with the infection rate 8.68%; there was significant difference between the two groups (P＜0.05).The incidence rate of nosocomial infections was 21.26% in the patients with acute leukemia, 17.35% in the patients with myelodysplastic syndrome.Among the 136 patients with the infections, the patients with respiratory tract infections (58.82%) were dominant, followed by the patients with blood system infections, the patients with gastrointestinal tract infections, the patients with urinary tract infections and the patients with skin infections.A total of 136 strains of pathogens were isolated from the clinical specimens that were obtained from the patients with the infections, of which 91 (66.91%) were gram-negative bacteria, and 30(22.06%) were gram-positive bacteria. CONCLUSION It is necessary to take the comprehensive nursing measures for the patients with hematological diseases who are hospitalized the hematology department so as to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections.The incidence rate of nosocomial infections is the highest among the patients with acute leukemia, the respiratory system is the predominant infection site, and the gram-negative bacteria are dominant among the isolated pathogens.