Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the correlation between the IgA nephropathy and the hepatitis B virus infection. METHODS Totally 103 patients who were diagnosed with IgA nephropathy in the hospital from Jun 2010 to Jun 2016 were assigned as the IgA nephropathy group, meanwhile 110 non-IgA nephropathy patients who were treated in the hospital were set as the control group.The carrying rate of HBV in serum and renal tissues was determined, and the carrying rates of HBV in the patients with different clinical grades, pathologic types and different grades of interstitial inflammation of IgA nephropathy patients were analyzed. RESULTS The carrying rate of HBV in the serum and renal tissues was significantly higher in the IgA nephropathy group than in the control group(P＜0.05).The carrying rate of HBV was significantly higher in the patients with the clinical classification ranging between grade Ⅳ and grade Ⅴ than in the patients with the clinical classification ranging between grade Ⅰ and the grade Ⅲ(P＜0.05).The carrying rate of HBV was significantly higher in the mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis patients complicated with focal segmental sclerosis than in the non-mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis patients complicated with focal segmental sclerosis(P＜0.05).The positive rate of HBAg was significantly higher in the patients with grade (++++) interstitial inflammation than in the patients with other grades of interstitial inflammation(P＜0.05). CONCLUSION There is certain correlation between the IgA nephropathy and the hepatitis B virus infections, and the carrying rate of HBV is high in the patients with high clinical grade of mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis complicated with focal segmental sclerosis as well as high grade of interstitial inflammation.