Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the clinical characteristics and nursing status of infections in patients with severe neurological diseases. METHODS A total of 80 patients with severe infections in neurology department from Apr. 2015 to Dec. 2016 were selected as the research objects. The infection sites, the type of isolated pathogenic bacteria, and the symptom checklist 90 (SCL-90) scores before and after nursing were observed. RESULTS The infection sites of 80 patients were mainly respiratory tract infections, accounting for 66.25%. Totally 84 strains of pathogens were detected from secretions of infection sites of 80 patients, including 54 strains of gram-negative bacteria accounting for 64.29%, 25 strains of gram-positive bacteria accounting for 29.76%, and 5 strains of fungi accounting for 5.95%. After nursing intervention, patients' self rating scale scores in anxiety, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, interpersonal sensitivity, fear and enemy equivalence were lower than those before intervention (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The pathogenic bacteria of severe patients in neurology are mainly gram-negative bacteria. After nursing intervention, patients' negative emotions such as anxiety and depression are reduced. Therefore, medical staff should strictly aseptic operation, avoid nosocomial infection and improve service quality.