Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of whole-course aseptic intervention on the infection of patients with sterile surgery. METHODS A total of 1766 patients with sterile surgery who were treated in our hospital from Jan. 2015 to Dec. 2016 were selected as the study objects. Among them, 914 patients who received sterile surgery from Jan. 2015 to Dec. 2015 were selected as the control group, and were taken a routine surgical procedure, another 852 patients who underwent sterile surgery from Jan. 2016 to Dec. 2016 were set as the experimental group, and the whole process was treated aseptically. After 6 months of follow-up,the infection rates were compared between the two groups, the proportion of antibiotics used in both groups, the proportion of surgical hygiene standards, and the amount of air in the operating room were compared. The scores of the health status questionnaire of the two groups were compared, including vitality / energy, physical function, social function and mental health. The pathogens were detected and identified in the infected patients. RESULTS In the experimental group, the infection rate was 1.29% (11/852), which was significantly lower than 9.52% of the control group (87/914) (P＜0.001). A total of 127 strains of pathogens were isolated from 98 infected patients, among which 69 strains of gram-negative bacteria accounted for 53.54%, mainly Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli, 51 strains of gram-positive bacteria accounted for 40.16%, mainly Staphylococcus aureus, 5 strains of fungi accounted for 3.94%, and other 2 strains accounted for 1.57%. There were 817 cases of patients used antibacterial drugs (95.89%), 839 cases achieved satisfactory sanitation of operation (98.71%), and the airborne bacteria in the operating room was (0.73±0.17) CFU/m³ in the experimental group, which were significantly better than those in the control group (P＜0.05). The scores of vitality/energy, physical function, social function and mental health in the experimental group were (76.33±11.97), (85.17±16.03), (90.61±13.22) and (78.45±14.08), which were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION In the course of the whole process of aseptic intervention can effectively reduce the infection rate, improve the postoperative recovery of patients with aseptic surgery, and improve the quality of life of patients, which have a certain clinical value.