Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the related factors for immune reconstruction and prognosis of AIDS patients after highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAAT). METHODS A total of 180 AIDS patients who were treated in the hospital from Jan 2010 to Jun 2017 were recruited as the study objects and divided into the favorable prognosis group and the poor prognosis group according to the status of prognosis. The baseline clinical data of the two groups of patients were statistically analyzed. The baseline CD₄⁺T lymphocyte, albumin, hemoglobin, white blood cell (WBC), blood platelet and serum CRP were determined, the peripheral CD₄⁺T lymphocyte level was dynamically observed before the treatment and after the treatment for 1, 3 and 6 months, and the status of immune reconstruction was evaluated. The related factors for prognosis were analyzed, and the effect of the baseline level of CRP on prediction of prognosis was evaluated. RESULTS The patients were older in the poor prognosis group than in the favorable prognosis group; the patients with clinical stage 3 and 4, CD₄⁺T lymphocyte less than 100/μL, albumin less than 35 g/L, hemoglobin less than 100 g/L, WBC less tan 4.0×10⁹/L and CRP no less than 5 mg/L were significantly increased (P<0.05). The old age, clinical stage, baseline value ofCD₄⁺T lymphocyte, low level of hemoglobin, low level of WBC and high level of CRP were the risk factors for the prognosis. The baseline value of CD₄⁺T lymphocyte and the CD₄⁺T lymphocyte counts after the treatment for 1, 3 and 6 months were significantly reduced (P<0.05). The optimal cutoff value of CRP was 5 mg/L, and the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive rate and negative predictive rate were more than 70.00% in prediction of the poor prognosis. CONCLUSIONS The baseline level of CD₄⁺T lymphocyte of the AIDS patients is, to some extent, associated with the effect of immune reconstruction after the antiviral therapy, and the baseline level of CRP has certain effect on prediction of prognosis of the patients.