Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the influencing factors of nosocomial infection after ureteroscopy holmium laser lithotripsy in patients with urinary calculi, and put forward effective nursing intervention prevention measures. METHODS 424 cases of urinary calculi patients treated from Jan.2014 to Dec.2016 were enrolled as research objects, the incidence of postoperative nosocomial infection for the patients was analyzed, and the specimens were collected for etiology detection.Univariate analysis was conducted on the clinical data of the patients such as gender, medical history, catheterization and surgery duration.Multivariate logistic linear regression analysis was used to investigate the risk factors for infection, and pertinent nursing preventive countermeasures were put forward accordingly. RESULTS There were 14 cases of postoperative urinary infection in 424 patients with urinary stones, and the infection rate was 3.30%, among which 8 cases were acute pyelonephritis, accounting for 57.14%.A total of 17 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated and cultured in the 14 cases of patients, among which 11 strains of gram-negative bacteria accounted for 64.71% and 6 strains of gram-positive bacteria accounted for 35.29%.The pathogens were dominated by Escherichia coli.Multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that the hydronephrosis, catheterization and relatively large stone as risk factors for nosocomial infection after ureteroscopy holmium laser lithotripsy in patients with urinary calculi, the difference was significantly significant (P＜ 0.05). CONCLUSION Patients with urinary calculi who undergo ureteroscopy holmium laser lithotripsy are susceptible to infections caused by various pathogenic bacteria after operation.It is of great significance to use the corresponding antibacterial drugs at an early stage according to the analysis results of pathogenic bacteria.However, it is more important to take preventive measures according to the risk factors of infection to reduce the incidence of infection.