Abstract: OBJECTIVE To investigate whether the prophylactic use of antibiotics can reduce the level of inflammatory markers and incidence of pocket infection after implantation of permanent cardiac pacemaker. METHODS A total of 127 patients with permanent cardiac pacemaker implantation from Jan. 2010 to Jun. 2016 in the department of cardiology of the hospital were retrospectively analyzed, and 119 cases of patients with compliance with the standard were analyzed, which were divided into control group (63 cases) and observation group (56 cases). Patients in control group used antibiotics during the perioperative period, and patients in observation group did not use antibiotics. The general data of the patients, the level of inflammatory marker and the incidence of pocket infection were analyzed. RESULTS The incidence of pocket infection in control group was 6.35 % (4/63) and that in observation group was 5.36 % (3/56), and the difference between the two groups was not significant (P=0.872). The levels of C reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and procalcitonin (PCT) after operation were significantly higher than those before operation in the same group (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the levels of inflammation markers between the two groups in the same period. There was one case of severe pocket infection in observation group, which was cured after debridement and the adjustment if the pacemaker. CONCLUSION The influence of use of antibiotics in patients with implantation of permanent cardiac pacemaker in perioperative period on levels of inflammatory markers and incidence of pocket infection is not significant, but using antibiotics may be helpful to prevention severe infection.