Abstract: The main risk factor of catheter-associated urinary tract infection is the time of indwelling urethral catheter, and there is a great controversy over the timing of catheter replacement for patients with long-term indwelling catheter. For this reason, the Shanghai International Forum on Nosocomial infection Control (SIFICI) organized a debate on "whether long-term indwelling catheter should be replaced regularly". This paper analyzed the views of both sides of the debate and consulted the relevant documents. It is concluded that the replacement time of long-term indwelling catheter should be based on infection, extubation and clogging indication, material of urethral catheter, pH value of patient's urine, and so on.