Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the related factors and etiological characteristics of postoperative surgical site infections (SSI) in patients with colorectal cancer. METHODS A targeted surveillance was carried out for 379 patients with colorectal cancer who underwent resection in the hospital from Jan 2016 to Jun 2017, the clinical data were collected from the patients, and the univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed for the related factors for the SSI and etiological characteristics of the infections. RESULTS Of the 379 patients with colorectal cancer, 38 had SSI, with the infection rate 10.03%.The result of the univariate analysis showed that the related factors for the SSI in the patients with colorectal cancer included complication with diabetes mellitus, emergency surgery, operation duration more than 180 min, BMI, ASA scores, tumor sites, times of use of antibiotics after surgery and postoperative intestinal fistula.The result of the multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that diabetes mellitus, BMI, tumor sites, operation duration and postoperative intestinal fistula were the independent related factors for the SSI in the patients with colorectal cancer.A total of 48 strains of pathogens were isolated from 38 patients with SSI, 38 (79.17%) of which were gram-negative bacteria, and 10 (20.83%) were gram-positive bacteria. CONCLUSION The incidence rate of SSI is high among the patients with colorectal cancer after the resection, there are a variety of related factors for the infections, the gram-negative bacteria are dominant among the pathogens.It is necessary for the hospital to identify the risk factors and take effective measures in early stage so as to prevent the SSI and improve the efficacy of surgery.