Abstract: OBJECTIVE To understand the impact of device-associated infection on hospitalization cost and length of hospital stay of ICU patients of a tertiary hospital and evaluate the direct economic loss due to the infections. METHODS By means of retrospective survey, totally 2390 patients who were hospitalized the ICU of the tertiary hospital from 2015 to 2017 were recruited as the study objects.The patients were grouped in a 1:1 ratio, the patients with device-associated infection were assigned as the case group, and the patients without device-associated infection were assigned as the control group.The direct economic loss of the two groups of hospitalized patients was analyzed by using SPSS24.0 software. RESULTS The hospitalization cost of the case group was 580756.08 yuan more than that of the control group on average, while the length of hospital stay of the case group was 8 days longer than that of the control group.The hospitalization cost of the patients who were treated with ventilator was 510498.02 yuan more in the case group than in the control group on average, and the length of hospital stay was 11 days longer in the case group.The hospitalization cost of the patients who were treated with central catheters was 441884.68 yuan more in the case group than in the control group on average, and the length of hospital stay was 9 days longer in the case group.The hospitalization cost of the patients who were treated with urinary catheters was 392878.84 yuan more in the case group than in the control group on average, and the length of hospital stay was 10 days longer in the case group, and there were significant difference between the two groups (P＜0.05). CONCLUSION The device-associated infection may lead to the increase of direct economic loss.It is necessary to focus on the prevention and control of the device-associated infection in the ICU.