Abstract: OBJECTIVE To investigate the submission of specimens for blood culture in 87 hospitals of Shanghai. METHODS A survey was conducted for the submission rates of specimens for blood culture in 87 hospitals under the city surveillance network of Shanghai Quality Control Center for Hospital-acquired Infection.The information and submission rates of blood culture specimens were collected from the hospitalized patients with fever (≥38.5 ℃) in the first three days of second week of the last month of the current season, and the statistical analysis was performed with the use of SPSS20.0 software. RESULTS The submission rate of specimens for blood culture of the 87 hospitals was 50.4% in 2012, 49.7% in 2013, 53.5% in 2014, 56.3% in 2015, showing an upward trend (χ²=55.131,P＜0.001); the submission rate of blood culture specimens of the patients who had fever and were treated with antibiotics was 89.7% in 2012, 89.1% in 2013, 90.4% in 2014, 87.8% in 2015.The submission rates of blood culture specimens of the patients with white blood cells counts more than 18.0×10⁹/L ranged from 50.5% to 59.4%; the submission rates of blood culture specimens of the patients with suspected postoperative infection varied from 35.8% to 50.3%; the submission rates of blood culture specimens of the patients with suspected pulmonary infection ranged between 64.9% and 70.9%; the submission rates of blood culture specimens of the patients with the time of deep venous catheter indwelling more than 5 days ranged between 57.2% and 68.6%; the submission rates of blood culture specimens of the patients with suspected infection of other sites varied from 60% to 63.9%.The clear cause of fever (not the infection factor), clear focus of infection and patients' rejection led to the failure of submission, however, half of the specimens remained unknown reasons for submission. CONCLUSION The submission rate of blood culture specimens shows an upward trend in the 87 hospitals of Shanghai, there are still missubmitted and misreported patients who are at high risk of bloodstream infection.It is necessary to take targeted, standardized management measures so as to raise the submission rate of the blood culture specimens.