中国近13年医院感染暴发事件流行特征分析
Epidemiological characteristics of nosocomial infection outbreaks in China in recent 13 years
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摘要: 目的 研究近13年来国内医院感染暴发流行特征,为医院感染控制提供依据。方法 计算机检索中国知网,万方医学网,维普数据库等相关数据库,对2004年到2016年发表的医院感染暴发相关论文进行收集、整理,并提取有关数据资料。结果 共纳入110篇论文,113起医院感染暴发事件,1180例感染患者,死亡24例; 夏季是医院感染暴发的高发季节(35.40%); 感染部位主要为呼吸道(55.75%)、肠道(12.39%); 科室主要集中在重症监护病房(46.02%); 病原体主要为病毒(39.75%)、细菌(37.63%); 环境清洁消毒不彻底、医务人员手卫生执行不严格是造成医院感染暴发的最主要原因。结论 采取相应的针对措施,可以有效地预防和控制医院感染暴发。Abstract: OBJECTIVE To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of nosocomial infection outbreaks in China in recent 13 years so as to provide guidance for control of nosocomial infection. METHODS The related databases such as CNKI, Wanfang and VIP were retrieved to search and collect the literatures regarding to the outbreaks of nosocomial infections that were published between 2004 and 2016. RESULTS A total of 110 papers were included in the study, involving 113 nosocomial infection outbreak incidents, 1180 patients with infections, and 24 died.The nosocomial infection was highly prevalent in summer (35.40%).The respiratory tract (55.75%) and intestinal tract (12.39%) were the major infection sites.The intensive care unit (46.02%) was dominant among the department.The virus (39.75%) and bacteria (37.63%) were the predominant pathogens.The poor cleaning and disinfection of environment and poor hand hygiene of health care workers are the leading causes of the outbreaks of nosocomial infections. CONCLUSION It is an effective way to take targeted measures so as to prevent and control the nosocomial infections.
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