Abstract: OBJECTIVE To understand the current situation of nosocomial infection management in medical institutions in different regions of Gansu province, and to provide the basis for formulating the countermeasures of nosocomial infection management in Gansu province. METHODS Using multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method, 60 medical institutions in Gansu province were selected according to geographical location, natural and human characteristics. The setting of nosocomial infection management institutions, full-time staffing, training of full-time staff, and implementation of nosocomial infection management from Jul. 2017 to Jul. 2018 were surveyed and investigated. The survey and investigation results were analyzed. RESULTS The proportions of insufficiency in setting of nosocomial infection management committees, full-time staff for nosocomial infection managenment and beds for full-time staff in Grade II and Grade III institutions were 92.16% and 100%, 70.59% and 100%, 47.06% and 66.67% respectively. There were significant differences in the age composition, specialty and educational background distribution of full-time staff in Grade II and Grade III medical institutions (P<0.05). 72.56% of the Grade II medical institutions did not have training opportunities outside the province, whereas 44.44% of the Grade III medical institutions had training opportunities in other provinces only for heads of departments, and the difference was significant (P<0.05). 3.92% and 33.33% of the full-time staff of nosocomial infection management in Grade II and Grade III medical institutions participated in consultation of infectious diseases, respectively (P<0.05). 76.47% and 100% of Grade II and Grade III medical institutions carried out overall monitoring of nosocomial infection, whereas 19.61% and 11.11% of them carried out information-based monitoring. There were significant differences in the implementation of basic infection control measures between Grade II hospitals and Grade III medical institutions (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The establishment of infection management organizations in the Grade III medical institutions in Gansu province is reasonable, and the organization of nosocomial infection management in the Grade II medical institutions needs to be improved step by step. The number of full-time staff for nosocomial infection management is still insufficient, and there is a serious shortage of doctors participating in consultation of infectious diseases among full-time staff in the department of infection management. The monitoring of nosocomial infection basically stays at the manual stage, and the information management lags behind, causing difficulty in expanding the evidence-based and accurate control of nosocomial infection management.