Abstract: OBJECTIVE To analyze the risk factors of surgical site infection after spinal tuberculosis operation, and provide reference for clinical prevention and control. METHODS A total of 672 patients with spinal tuberculosis surgery who were admitted from Feb. 2011 to Sep. 2018 were slected as the subjects. The clinical data of the patients such as age, gender, course of disease, initial treatment or re-treatment, lesion location, use of implants, preoperative anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy time, standardization of chemotherapy, occurrence of extra-abdominal tuberculosis, extent of the lesion, history of diabetes, BMI, size of the incision, operation duration, amount of bleeding, thoroughness of lesion removalwere investigated, and the risk factors of the surgical site infection were analyzed by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses. RESULTS Of the 672 patients with tuberculosis, 54 cases of surgical site infection occurred, and the infection rate was 8.04%. Logistic regression model analysis showed that unstandardized chemotherapy, incomplete lesion removal, incision drainage, detection of multidrug-resistant M. tuberculosis, serum albumin concentration <30g/L, blood glucose ≥11.1mmol/L, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate ≥20mm/h were independent risk factors for surgical site infection after spinal tuberculosis operation(P<0.05). CONCLUSION Surgical site infection after spinal tuberculosis operation is associated with multiple factors, and clinical intervention measures should be taken to reduce the infection rate of surgical sites after spinal tuberculosis operation.