Abstract: OBJECTIVE To analyze the situation and risk factors of nosocomial infection in traumatic patients, and provide effective prevention and control measures to reduce nosocomial infection. METHODS The inpatients in traumatology department between Jun. 2017 and Sep. 2018 were enrolled, and the incidence and characteristics of infection in the patients were retrospectively analyzed. The basic situation and medical history of the patients were collected and analyzed, and the risk factors of nosocomial infection were statistically analyzed. RESULTS 39 patients were infected during the inpatient period, and the infection rate was 4.65%. Among all infection sites, lower respiratory tract, urinary tract and surgical site were the most common infected sites. Totally 34 pathogens were isolated, dominated by gram-negative bacteria which accounted for 50%. The independent risk factors for the nosocomial infection were number of days with fever, days of using catheter and days of using triple combination of antibiotics (P＜0.05). CONCLUSION The incidence of nosocomial infection is high among traumatic patients, and there are various risk factors. Close observation and effective prevention measures should be taken according to the related risk factors so as to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection.