Abstract: OBJECTIVE To study the clinical distribution and drug resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from one grade A hospital from 2017 to 2018, so as to provide the guidance for the effective control of K pneumoniae infection and the rational use of antibiotics in clinical departments.METHODS The drug resistance of K pneumoniae isolated from 2017 to 2018 from sputum, blood and urine and different areas in Zhongda Hospital. Affiliated to Southeast University were retrospectively analyzed.RESULTS A total of 1 391 strains of K pneumoniae were detected in all kinds of clinical specimens, including 745 strains of sputum（53.56%）, 193 strains of whole blood（13.87%）, 183 strains of urine（13.16%） and 106 strains of secretions（7.62%）. The departments were mainly distributed in the intensive care unit（ICU）, accounting for 30.84%（429/1 391）, followed by 8.20%（114/1 391）in the neurology department and 7.62%（106/1 391）in the respiratory department. The resistance rates of K pneumoniae isolated from different specimens sources to ampicillin/sulbactam, cefazolin, ceftriaxone, aztreonam, nitrofurantoin and ciprofloxacin were higher than other drugs. There was no significant difference in the resistance rates of etanercept, cefoxitin, furantoin and ciprofloxacin among different departments, whereas there was significant difference in resistance rate of other antimicrobials（P＜0.05）. The drug resistance rates of cefoperazone/sulbactam, cefotetan, ertapenem, cefoxitin and tobramycin were not significantly different among different samples, whereas those of other antibacterial drugs were significantly different（P＜0.05）.CONCLUTION The drug resistance of K pneumoniae is serious, especially in recent years, the carbapenem-resistant K pneumoniae increased significantly. Clinicians should timely understand the drug resistance of K pneumoniae from different sources, and take reasonable and effective preventive measures to reduce the risk of K pneumoniae infection in diagnosis and treatment of K pneumoniae.