Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the epidemiological characteristics of enterovirus and the differences of clinical characteristics and laboratory indexes among children with different karyotypes of enterovirus infection in Wuhan, so as to provide a basis for the diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control of enterovirus.METHODS The throat swabs or anal swabs of 8 580 children suspected of enterovirus infection in two sentinel hospitals in Wuhan from 2016 to 2018 were collected. The enterovirus nucleic acid was detected and typed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction（RT-PCR）. The clinical information of the patients was collected, and the epidemic trend, clinical symptoms, infection indexes such as WBC NEU LYM CRP PCT CD₃⁺ T lymphocytes CD₃⁺CD₄⁺T lymphocytes CD₃⁺CD₈⁺T lymphocytes CD4/CD8 T lymphocytes IgA IgG IgM C3 C4 and other characteristics were analyzed by statistical method.RESULTS A total of 884（10.30%） cases of EV were detected from 2016 to 2018, and the positive rate was the highest in 2017（P＜0.001）. EV infection was seasonal, reaching the peak from May to July, and a small peak appeared in October. 93.33%（825/884） of the positive cases were children under 6 years old. There was no significant difference in other symptoms except limb jitter in patients with different karyotypes of enterovirus infection. There were significant differences in the percentage of CRP, CD₃⁺, CD₃⁺CD₄⁺T lymphocytes, complement C3 and C4 in patients with different karyotypes EV infection（P＜0.05）. Severe cases were more likely to have symptoms such as high fever, diarrhea, limb jitter, abnormal respiration, increased heart rate and so on. In severe cases, the levels of WBC, NEU, CRP, IgA, IgG, C3, and C4 were（12.44±3.92）×10⁹/L,（8.58±8.02）×10⁹/L,（6.69±8.47）mg/L,（1.01±0.79）g/L,（8.41±2.46）g/L,（1.05±0.37）g/L,（0.59±2.01）g/L, were higher than those in mild cases（P＜0.05）. The levels of CD₃⁺ and CD₃⁺CD₄⁺ were（40.81±8.18）% and（18.12±6.72）%, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in mild children（P＜0.001）.CONLUTIONS The epidemic karyotype of enterovirus in Wuhan has changed gradually. In 2017 and 2018, other enterovirus genotypes have replaced EV-71, Cox-A16 as the dominant karyotype. It’s necessary to carry out daily and sentinel surveillance of enterovirus, and further strengthen the detection of other karyotypes, and pay close attention to the basis for providing targeted prevention and control and treatment measures. At the same time, the research and development of vaccines for other karyotype enterovirus is also urgent. Severe cases are prone to cause immune dysfunction, and intervention measures should be taken as soon as possible.