Abstract: OBJECTIVE To investigate the sequential treatment of amoxicillin-potassium clavulanate on the levels of intercellular adhesion molecule-1（ICAM-1）, vascular cell adhesion factor-1（VCAM-1） and humoral immunity in children with repeated lower respiratory infection. METHODS A total of 142 children with recurrent lower respiratory tract infections admitted to Xiangyang Central hospital between Jan. 2018 and Jun. 2019 were recruited and randomly divided into the observation group and control group, with 71 cases in each group. The observation group received sequential treatment with amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium; the control group received intravenous infusion of amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium. Both groups were treated for 7 to 14 days. The inflammatory response, immune function, and bacteriological culture results were compared between the two groups before and after the treatment; the adverse reactions during treatment were compared between the two groups. RESULTS The levels of serum ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and C-reactive protein（CRP） in the two groups after treatment were significantly lower than that before treatment; and the indexes in the observation group were significantly lower than that in control（P＜0.05）. Compared with before the treatment, the levels of serum immunoglobulin（IgG）, immunoglobulin A（IgA） and immunoglobulin M（IgM） in the two groups were significantly higher than that after the treatment, and the indexes in the observation were significantly higher than that in the control group（P＜0.05）. The differences between bacterial clearance rate of 95.12% in the observation group and that of 92.50% in the control group were not significant（P=0.624）. The incidence of adverse reactions during treatment in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group（9.86% vs 23.94%, P=0.025）. CONCLUSION Compared with amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium intravenous infusion therapy, sequential treatment of amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium can reduce the levels of serum ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in children with repeated lower respiratory tract infections, so as to improve immune function and reduce adverse reactions and occurrence risk, and the bacterial clearance rate is equivalent. Sequential treatment of amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium should be worthy of clinical application.