Abstract: OBJECTIVE To analyze the correlation between TCM syndrome types of hepatitis B virus（HBV） intrauterine infection and the balance of regulatory T lymphocyte（Treg）/helper T lymphocyte 17（TH17） cytokines. METHODS Total of 360 pregnant women in the hospital were recruited and divided into the intrauterine infection group（72 cases） and the control group（288 cases） according to whether they got HBV infection. According to the TCM type, patients in the intrauterine infection group were divided into the spleen-kidney yang deficiency group, liver-kidney yin deficiency group, liver depression and spleen deficiency group, blood stasis obstructing the collaterals group and damp-heat mid-retention group. Expression levels of Treg/TH17 cytokines such as interleukin 10（IL-10） and interleukin 17（IL-17） in neonatal cord blood and maternal peripheral blood were compared between the intrauterine infection group and control group, and among subgroups of the intrauterine infection group. The relationship between TCM syndrome types of HBV intrauterine infection and IL-10, IL-17 was analyzed. RESULTS The ratio of serum IL-17/IL-10 in parturient and neonate of different groups were control group ＞ the liver depression and spleen deficiency group ＞ the damp-heat mid-retention group ＞ the blood stasis obstructing the collaterals group ＞ the liver-kidney yin deficiency group ＞ the spleen-kidney yang deficiency group（P＜0.05）. Logistic regression analysis showed that IL-17/IL-10 imbalance in parturient and neonate was an independent risk factor for HBV intrauterine infection（P＜0.05）. Maternal and neonatal IL-17/IL-10 imbalance was related to liver depression and spleen deficiency type, damp-heat mid-retention type, blood stasis obstructing the collaterals type, liver-kidney yin deficiency type and spleen-kidney yang deficiency type HBV intrauterine infection（P＜0.05）. CONCLUSION Expression levels of IL-10 and IL-17 were increased in both pregnant women with HBV intrauterine infection and their neonates. Imbalance of IL-17/IL-10 is the most serious in patients with spleen-kidney yang deficiency. IL-17/IL-10 imbalance is an independent risk factor for HBV intrauterine infection, and also closely related to the occurrence of various TCM syndromes of HBV intrauterine infection.