Abstract: OBJECTIVE To analyze the submission of blood culture samples from 101 hospitals in shanghai from 2016 to 2019. METHODS The submission rate of quarterly survey on the blood culture samples collected from the inpatients with fever in 101 hospitals, which were under the surveillance net by Shanghai Nosocomial Infection Quality Control Center were investigated. The data of the patients with the body temperature ≥38.5 ℃ in the first three days of the second week in the last month of each quarter were collected and analyzed by using statistical software SPSS 20.0. RESULTS The inspection rates of blood culture specimens from 101 hospitals were 56.71% in 2016, 57.84% in 2017, 58.31% in 2018 and 62.16% in 2019, respectively, showing a upward trend year by year（linear χ²=49.360, P＜0.001）. The total rate of antibiotics use in the first three days of hospitalization was 81.70%～92.96% in ICU and general ward. The submission rate of blood culture specimens of the fever patients complicated with suspected pulmonary infection was 67.47%～75.06%. The submission rate of blood culture samples of patients indwelling deep venous catheter ＞5 days was 64.72%～71.11%. The submission rate of both blood samples and sputum samples was 76.53%～77.15%.The proportion of reasonable reason of no submission was increasing year by year. CONCLUSION The submission rate of the blood samples from 101 hospitals in Shanghai was increasing between 2016 to 2019, but the application rate of antibiotics was high before submission. It is necessary to improve the blood samples submission under the condition of high-risk combined factors.