Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the viral load of high-risk human papillomavirus（HR-HPV） in patients with different degree of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia（CIN） and analyze the clinical significance.METHODS The clinical data of 347 patients with different degree of cervical lesions who were treated from Jan 2017 to Dec 2018 were retrospectively analyzed, the patients were divided into the grade CIN Ⅰ with 127 cases, the grade CIN Ⅱ with 85 cases, the grade CIN Ⅲ with 56 cases and the cervical cancer with 79 cases according to the degree of heterosexuality of cervical epithelial cells, and 100 patients with chronic cervicitis were chosen as the control group. All of the patients underwent Thinprep cytologic test（TCT）, HR-HPV test and colposcopy pathological biopsy. The time of postoperative follow-up was no less than 24 months. The association between the preoperative viral load of HR-HPV and the degree of cervical lesions and negative conversion rate of HR-HPV was observed, the status of recurrence within 24 months of the follow-up was analyzed, and univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed for risk factors for the recurrence.RESULTS The degree of cervical lesions was increased with the increase of HR-HPV load, and there was a positive correlation between the HR-HPV load and the degree of cervical lesions（P＜0.05）. There was no significance in the negative conversion rate of the patients with low, medium and high HR-HPV loads at 24 months after surgery among patients with different degrees of cervical lesions. Smoking, degree of lesions, lesion involvement of neck tube and postoperative continuous positive HR-HPV were independent risk factors for the postoperative recurrence of patients（P＜0.05）.CONCLUSION The HR-HPV infection in the main cause of CIN, the viral load of HR-HPV is closely associated with the degree of CIN, and the postoperative continuous positive HR-HPV is an independent risk factor for the recurrence of the CIN patients.