Abstract: OBJECTIVE To observe the values of CD40 L protein（CD40 L） and monocyte chemotactic protein（MCP-1） combined with pulmonary infection score（CPIS） in assessment of prognosis of neonates with infectious pneumonia.METHODS A total of 78 neonates with infectious pneumonia who were treated in Jinan Second Maternal and Child Health Hospital from Jul 2017 to Jul 2018 were assigned as the pneumonia group, meanwhile, 78 healthy neonates were chosen as the normal group. The levels of CD40 L and MCP-1 were detected by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, the pulmonary scoring was carried out by CPIS. The values of CD40 L and MCP-1 combined with CPIS in assessment of prognosis of the neonates with infectious pneumonia were analyzed by means of receiver operating characteristic（ROC） curve.RESULTS The levels of CD40 L, MCP-1 and CPIS score were significantly higher in the pneumonia group than in the normal group（P＜0.05）. The expression levels of CD40 L and MCP-1 were significantly higher in the neonates with purulent sputum, fusion flake infiltration shadow and apnea（P＜0.05）. The expression levels of CD40 L, MCP-1 and CPIS score were significantly higher in the neonates with poor prognostic outcomes than in the neonates with favorable prognostic outcomes（P＜0.05）. The joint detection of CD40 L, MCP-1 and CPIS had significantly higher value in prediction of poor prognostic outcomes of the neonates with infectious pneumonia than the single detection did（P＜0.05）.CONCLUSION As compared with the healthy neonates, the neonates with infectious pneumonia show abnormal expression of CD40 L and MCP-1, with the CPIS score high, and it can be used for clinical assessment of prognosis of the neonates with infectious pneumonia.