Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the etiological characteristics of the patients with frequent peritoneal dialysis（PD）-associated peritonitis and analyze the risk factors.METHODS A total of 80 PD-associated peritonitis who were treated in Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital from Jul 2018 to Jul 2020 were recruited as the study subjects, 53 patients who had single infection were assigned as the control group, 27 patients who had frequent infection were assigned as the study group. The etiological characteristics of pathogens and risk factors for the frequent PD-associated peritonitis were observed.RESULTS The positive rates of culture of pathogens were respectively 60.38% and 66.18% in the two groups, and there was no significant difference in the positive rate. Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus hemolyticus were dominant among the gram-positive bacteria; Klebsiella pneumoniae was the predominant species of gram-negative bacteria. The positive bacteria were highly resistant to erythromycin, penicillin, and clindamycin; the gram-negative bacteria were highly resistant to ampicillin and cefazolin. There were significant differences in the albumin, hemoglobin, serum creatinine, time of dialysis and rate of invalid extubation between the two groups of patients（P＜0.05）. The result of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that low level of albumin, low level of hemoglobin and long time of dialysis were the risk factors for the frequent PD-associated peritonitis（P＜0.05）.CONCLUSION The low level of albumin, low level of hemoglobin and long time of dialysis are the risk factors for the frequent PD-associated peritonitis, to which the hospital should pay high attention.