Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the correlation between the peripheral blood miR-1192 level and the levels of help T cell 17（Th17） cytokines interleukin-17（IL-17） and interleukin-23（IL-23） of the patients with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis（RVVC）. METHODS A total of 100 RVVC patients who were treated in the department of obstetrics and gynecology of Danzhou People’s Hospital from Dec 2017 to Dec 2020 were recruited as the study objects and assigned as the RVVC group, meanwhile, 50 patients with vulvovaginal Candida vaginitis（VVC） who were treated in the department of obstetrics and gynecology and 50 women who received physical examination were enrolled in the study in a 2∶1∶1 ratio and were respectively assigned as the VVC group and the control group. The relative expression of miR-1192 in peripheral blood was detected by using fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction（RT-PCR）, and the levels of serum IL-17 and IL-23 were detected by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS There were significant differences in the overall levels of miR-1192, IL-17 and IL-23 among the three groups（P＜0.05）. The levels of miR-1192, IL-17 and IL-23 of the RVVC group were significantly higher than those of the VVC group and the control group, the levels of miR-1192, IL-17 and IL-23 of the VVC group were significantly higher than those of the control group（P＜0.05）. Among the patients of the RVVC group, the levels of miR-1192, IL-17 and IL-23 of the severe group were significantly higher than those of the non-severe group（P＜0.05）, the levels of miR-1192, IL-17 and IL-23 of the two groups were significantly lower after the treatment than before the treatment（P＜0.05）. The levels of miR-1192, IL-17 and IL-23 of the recurrence group significantly were higher than those of the non-recurrence group at the time of reexamination（P＜0.05）. CONCLUSION The RVVC patients show significantly increase of expression levels of miR-1192, which is associated with the Th17 cells inflammatory factors and may be one of the mechanisms leading to the aggravation and recurrence of VVC.