Abstract: OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of Jianpi Qudiedu decoction combined with ganciclovir on brain-derived neurotrophic factor and mitochondrial ubiquitin ligase in patients with zoster virus infection. METHODS A total of 164 patients with herpes zoster virus hospitalized from Mar 2019 to Jun 2020 were selected as the research subjects and were divided into 81 cases in ganciclovir group and 83 cases in Jianpi Qu Diedu decoction group according to the method of random remainder grouping. Ganciclovir group was treated with ganciclovir, while Jianpi Qu Diedu decoction combined group received ganciclovir combined with Jianpi Qu Diedu decoction treatment. The levels of IL-2, IL-10, IL-6, β-changes of endorphins, BDNF, MITOL, pain relief, scab, scab removal, syndrome integration and clinical efficacy were compared. RESULTS The time of pain relief, crusting, and scab removal in Jianpi Qushijiedu decoction combined group was significantly shorter than that of the ganciclovir group（P＜0.05）; After treatment, the IL-10, IL-6 and syndrome scores of Jianpi Qushijiedu decoction combined group were significantly lower than those of the ganciclovir group（P＜0.05）; IL-2, MITOL, BDNF and β-endorphin in Jianpi Qushijiedu decoction combined group after treatment were significantly higher than those of the ganciclovir group（P＜0.05）; the effective rate of treatment combined with Jianpi Qushijiedu decoction group was 96.39%, which was significantly higher than 86.42% of the ganciclovir group. CONCLUSION Jianpi Qushijiedu decoction combined with ganciclovir can improve the level of IL-10,IL-6,IL-2,BDNF,β-endorphins and MITOL, effectively shorten the time of pain relief, scab and scab removal, and reduce the integral of TCM syndromes, which can be widely applied in clinical practice.