Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the association of polymorphisms of JAK kinase 2（JAK2）, glutathione sulfur transferase M1（GSTM1） with infection in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia（ALL） during chemotherapy. METHODS Totally 150 children with ALL who were treated in Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University from May 2018 to May 2021 were enrolled in the study and divided into the infection group with 61 cases and the no infection group with 89 cases according to the status of infection during chemotherapy. The clinical data of the patients during hospital stay were collected, the peripheral venous blood specimens were collected, and the gene polymorphisms of（rs4495487） and GSTM1 were detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism（PCR-RFLP）. RESULTS A total of 65 strains of pathogens were isolated from 61 patients of the infection group, 72.31%（47/65） of which were gram-negative bacteria. There were significant differences in the frequencies of（TT/TC/CC） genotypes and（T,C） alleles at JAK2（rs4495487） between the infection group and the no infection group（P＜0.05）. There were significant differences in the GSTM1 non-deletion type and deletion type between the infection group and the no infection group（P＜0.05）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that duration of agranulocytosis no less than 7 days and CC genotype and C allele at JAK2（rs4495487） were the risk factors for nosocomial infection in the ALL children during chemotherapy（all P＜0.05）. CONCLUSION The polymorphisms of JAK2（rs4495487） and GSTM1 are associated with the nosocomial infection in the children with ALL during chemotherapy, the CC genotype and C allele at JAK2（rs4495487） are the independent risk factors for the nosocomial infection.