Abstract: OBJECTIVE To systematically evaluate the risk factors for pulmonary fungal infection in lung cancer patients. METHODS The databases including CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, CBM, PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library were systematically retrieved to collect the case-control studies and cohort studies about the risk factors for pulmonary fungal infection in lung cancer patients. The searching time limit was from Jan 2007 to Oct 2022. The screening of literatures, extraction of data and quality evaluation were carried out independently by two researchers. The meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.3 software. RESULTS A total of 24 literatures that conformed to the inclusion and exclusion criteria were retrieved, with totally 7 349 lung cancer patients involved. The meta-analysis was performed for 18 potential risk factors, and the result showed that no less than 60 years of age, Performance status(PS) score no less than 2 points, smoking history, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, anemia, Ⅲ-Ⅳ TNM stage, radiotherapy, chemoradiotherapy, invasive operation, length of hospital stay more than 14 days, use of glucocorticoids and use of antibiotics were the risk factors for the pulmonary fungal infection in the lung cancer patients (all P＜0.05). CONCLUSION There are a variety of risk factors for the pulmonary fungal infection in the lung cancer patients. Early identification of the risk factors and implementation of prevention measures may reduce the incidence of pulmonary fungal infection. More high-quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion due to the limits of quantity and quality of literatures.