Abstract: OBJECTIVE To explore the role of branched-chain amino acid transaminase 1(BCAT1) gene silencing in acute kidney injury in rats with abdominal infection sepsis. METHODS Eighty rats were randomly divided into four groups by using random number method, including the control group, model group, model group+blank plasmid group (NC-shRNA) and model group +BCAT1 interference plasmid group (BCAT1-shRNA). A rat model of intra-abdominal infectious sepsis was established by cecal ligation and perforation, and serum creatinine (SCr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer. After successful modeling, the rats in the NC-shRNA group were transfected with NC-shRNA, and the rats in the BCAT1-shRNA group were transfected with BCAT1-shRNA; the expression levels of serum IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 in each group were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot methods were used to detect the expression levels of BCAT1 and CRP mRNA in serum and kidney tissue of rat. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the blood SCr and BUN levels of the rats in the model group were increased (P＜0.05). The levels of inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 were increased, and the mRNA expression levels of BCAT1 and CRP were increased (P＜0.05). Compared with the model group and NC-shRNA group, the protein levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and mRNA levels of BCAT1 and CRP in the BCAT1-shRNA group were decreased. CONCLUSION BCAT1 gene silencing can inhibit CRP mRNA expression and inflammatory response, which can have a certain therapeutic effect on acute kidney injury in abdominal infection sepsis.