Abstract: OBJECTIVE To analyze the diagnostic value of Wnt/β-catenin pathway, leucocyte esterase (LEU) and endotoxin (ET) in urinary tract infection after renal calculi operation. METHODS A total of 237 patients with renal calculi operation admitted to Rizhao Central Hospital from Oct 2018 to Oct 2022 were included in the study. According to whether urinary tract infection occurred, the patients were divided into the urinary tract infection group (n=89) and the non-urinary tract infection group (n=148). The clinical data of the patients were retrospectively collected. General data and the distribution of pathogenic bacteria in urinary tract infection after kidney stone operation of the two groups were analyzed. The mRNA levels of Wnt, and β-catenin messenger ribonucleotide, protein levels of LEU and ET were compared between the two groups. Urinary tract infection was positive while non-urinary tract infection was negative. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to analyze the predictive value of Wnt mRNA, β-catenin mRNA, LEU and ET individual and combined detection in postoperative urinary tract infection. RESULTS Urinary tract infection occurred in 89 of 237 patients with renal calculus after operation, with an incidence of 37.55%. A total of 102 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated, mainly gram-negative bacteria, with a total of 66 strains, accounting for 64.71%. The levels of Wnt mRNA, β-catenin mRNA and ET in the urinary tract infection group were higher than those in the non-urinary tract infection group, and the proportion of LEU positive in the urinary tract infection group was higher than that in the non-urinary tract infection group (P＜0.05). ROC curve was drawn to analyze the diagnostic value of Wnt mRNA, β-catenin mRNA, LEU, ET alone and combined detection for postoperative urinary tract infection. Area under the curve (AUC) (0.938), sensitivity (88.76%) and specificity (90.54%) of combined detection were the highest. CONCLUSION The main pathogenic bacteria of urinary tract infection after renal calculi surgery were gram-negative bacteria. The combined detection of Wnt/β-catenin pathway, LEU and ET has high diagnostic value in postoperative urinary tract infection, and could be used as an indicator for prediction and prevention of postoperative urinary tract infection.