Abstract: OBJECTIVE To understand the spectrum and drug resistance characteristics of pathogens isolated from respiratory medicine department patients with infection from Oct 2020 to Sep 2021 and learn about prevalence trends of drug resistance so as to provide basis for development of strategies for clinical use of antibiotics. METHODS The data were collected from China Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System (CARSS), and the drug resistance rates were analyzed by WHONET 5.6 software. RESULTS Among 309 930 strains of pathogens that were collected from respiratory medicine department patients, 75.3% were isolated from sputum specimens, 7.3% were isolated from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid specimens, and 5.8% were isolated from urine specimens. Klebsiella pneumoniae (21.1%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (18.1%), Acinetobacter baumannii (9.3%), Escherichia coli (8.5%) and Staphylococcus aureus (5.5%) ranked the top 5 species of pathogens. The data of drug susceptibility showed that the isolation rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was 34.2%, the isolation rate of methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (MRCNS) was 77.3%, and no vancomycin-resistant strains were found. Carbapenems remained the effective antibiotics for the gram-negative bacteria except for Acinetobacter baumannii (the drug resistance rate was more than 40%). The drug resistance rates of carbapenem-resistant K.pneumoniae and P.aeruginosa strains ranged between 9.2% and 15.6%, which should be attached great importance to. The multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria were more common; the isolation rates of cefotaxime- or ceftriaxone-resistant E.coli, quinolones-resistant E.coli and carbapenem-resistant A.baumannii strains were more than 40% in the respiratory medicine department. CONCLUSION The sputum is dominant among the submitted specimens from the respiratory medicine department patients. K.pneumoniae, P.aeruginosa and A.baumannii are the predominant species of gram-negative bacteria. The drug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae is the most common.