Abstract: Hospital-acquired influenza is prone to cause the outbreak and prevalence of nosocomial infection, which may lead to the extension of length of hospital stay and high morbidity rate and mortality rate. The absence or continuous work of the hospital staff with infection may increase the risk of transmission. A literature review was conducted for surveillance methods and diagnostic techniques of hospital-acquired influenza, selection and use of respiratory protective equipment, respiratory isolation facilities and environmental disinfection of wards, health care workers'cognition on respiratory protective guidelines, effective prevention measures for droplets and latest progress on reducing the effectiveness of transmission. It is suggested that the respiratory protective system should be set up in the hospital, the levels of surveillance and diagnostic techniques of hospital-acquired influenza should be intensified, the health care workers should scientifically wear surgical masks during the influenza epidemic, the effective isolation units should be used, the health care workers'compliance with respiratory preventive measures should be improved, the patients and their family members should be encouraged to get involved in the respiratory protection, and the above measures can reduce the incidence of hospital-acquired influenza and mortality.