OBJECTIVE To explore the values of peripheral blood CD40 ligand (CD40L), cluster differentiation antigen 64 (CD64) and soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (sTREM-1) in prediction of prognosis of the patients with bacterial pneumonia.

METHODS A total of 198 patients with bacterial pneumonia who were treated in Tianjin Fifth Hospital from Dec 2021 to Jan 2023 were recruited as the research subjects and were divided into the favorable prognosis group with 142 cases and the poor prognosis group with 56 cases according to the prognosis of the enrolled patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed for the risk factors for the poor prognosis of the bacterial pneumonia patients. The values of CD40L, CD64 and sTREM-1 in prediction of the prognosis were analyzed by means of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.

RESULTS There were significant differences in clinical pulmonary infection score (CPIS), acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE Ⅱ) score, peripheral blood CD40L, CD64 and sTREM-1 levels between the two groups(P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that CPIS, APACHE Ⅱ score and high levels of CD40L, CD64 and sTREM-1 were the independent risk factors for the poor prognosis of the patients with bacterial pneumonia(P < 0.05). The area under curve (AUC) of the joint detection of peripheral blood CD40L, CD64 and sTREM-1 was 0.944 in prediction of prognosis of the patients with bacterial pneumonia.

CONCLUSION The risk factors for the prognosis of the patients with bacterial pneumonia are associated with CPIS, APACHE Ⅱ score and high levels of peripheral blood CD40L, CD64 and sTREM-1. The value of the joint detection of peripheral blood CD40L, CD64 and sTREM-1 is higher in prediction of the prognosis of the patients with bacterial pneumonia.