OBJECTIVE To explore the risk factors for the recurrent asthma in children with bronchopneumonia under 6 years of age in Fuyang City.

METHODS  A total of 368 children with bronchopneumonia who were less than 6 years old and treated in Fuyan Cancer Hospital from Jan. 2021 to Jan. 2023 were recruited as the research subjects and were divided into the asthma group with 130 cases and non-asthma group with 238 cases according to the status of recurrent asthma. The characteristics of seasonal distribution of the bronchopneumonia were analyzed. The predictive factors were screened out by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed for the risk factors for the recurrent asthma in children.

RESULTS There was significant difference in the number of cases among the seasons (P < 0.05), and it was most prevalent in winter. Three non-zero predictive factors were screened out by LASSO regression analysis. The result of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that family history of asthma, contact with dust or pollen and weather change were risk factors for the recurrent asthma in children with bronchopneumonia (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS The change of temperature makes the probability of bronchopneumonia display a remarkable feature of seasonal distribution, which is highly prevalent in cold winter and less prevalent in summer. The family history of asthma, contact with dust or pollen and weather change are the major factors for the recurrent asthma in children with bronchopneumonia. It is of great significance to take targeted prevention and control measures based on the above risk factors so as to reduce the risk of recurrent asthma in children with bronchopneumonia.