Abstract: As two types of safe, effective, and environmentally friendly disinfectants, acidic electrolyzed water and hypochlorous acid water have been widely recognized for their advantages such as the effectiveness in disinfection, safety for human body and friendly to environment through years of constant efforts on the research. Acidic electrolyzed water and hypochlorous acid water have been used for the disinfection of endoscopes, operating rooms, medical instruments of supply department and hospital environment, which has played an active role in prevention of hospital-associated infection and control of the contamination of environment due to the use of disinfectants. The current status of research on the acidic electrolyzed water and hypochlorous acid water, effect on killing microorganisms, influencing factors, impact on environment and objects as well as the application of relevant rules and laws in medical field were reviewed in the article.