PIK3CA基因突变与胃癌患者EB病毒感染临床病理特征的关联

Correlation between PIK3CA gene mutation and clinicopathological characteristics of Epstein-Barr virus infection in patients with gastric cancer

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 探讨磷脂酰肌醇3激酶α(PIK3CA)基因突变与胃癌患者EB病毒感染临床病理特征的关联。
    方法 选取2021年9月-2024年9月河北大学附属医院收治的593例胃癌患者术后的癌组织标本进行研究。通过EB病毒编码的核糖核酸(EBER)原位杂交法检测胃癌患者EB病毒感染情况，根据检测结果分为31例EB病毒阳性组，562例EB病毒阴性组。比较不同性别、年龄患者EB病毒感染胃癌情况；分析EB病毒感染与胃癌患者PIK3CA基因突变、临床病理特征的关系；采用Spearman分析胃癌患者PIK3CA基因突变与EB病毒感染的相关性。
    结果 593例胃癌中31例EBER阳性，阳性率为5.23%。EBER呈散在点状或弥漫性染色，为深棕色信号，定位在细胞核。EB病毒阳性组PIK3CA基因突变率(32.26%)高于EB病毒阴性组(P < 0.001)。PIK3CA基因突变主要发生于第9、20外显子，p.E542K突变2例，p.E545K突变5例，pH1047L突变1例，未检测到p.H1047R突变。EB病毒阳性组食管胃交界处、T3~T4浸润深度、淋巴结转移的患者占比高于EB病毒阴性组(P < 0.05)。胃癌患者PIK3CA基因突变与EB病毒感染呈正相关(r=0.742，P=0.026)。男性胃癌患者中EB病毒感染占比(6.49%)高于女性(P＜0.001)。
    结论 EB病毒感染胃癌发生率低，且与PIK3CA基因突变、性别、胃癌患者肿瘤位置、浸润深度、淋巴结转移关系密切。

     

    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE To explore the correlation between phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase alpha (PIK3CA) gene mutation and the clinicopathological characteristics of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in patients with gastric cancer.
    METHODS Cancer tissue samples were collected from 593 patients with gastric cancer who underwent surgery at the Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University between Sep. 2021 and Sep. 2024. EBV infection in patients with gastric cancer was detected by EBV-encoded RNA (EBER) in situ hybridization. Based on the detection results, patients were divided into an EBV-positive group (n=31) and an EBV-negative group (n=562). The incidence of EBV-infected gastric cancer was compared among patients of different genders and ages. The relationship between EBV infection and PIK3CA gene mutation, as well as clinicopathological characteristics of patients with gastric cancer, was analyzed. Spearman's correlation analysis was used to assess the correlation between PIK3CA gene mutation and EBV infection in patients with gastric cancer.
    RESULTS Among the 593 gastric cancer cases, 31 were EBER-positive, with a positive rate of 5.23%. EBER showed scattered dot scope or diffuse staining, appearing as a dark brown signal localized in the nucleus. The PIK3CA gene mutation rate was higher in the EBV-positive group (32.26%) than in the EBV-negative group (P < 0.001). PIK3CA gene mutations mainly occurred in exons 9 and 20, with 2 cases of p.E542K mutation, 5 cases of p.E545K mutation, 1 case of pH1047L mutation, no cases of p.H1047R mutation were detected. The proportion of patients with tumors at the esophagogastric junction, T3-T4 invasion depth, and lymph node metastasis was higher in the EBV-positive group than in the EBV-negative group (P < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between PIK3CA gene mutation and EBV infection in patients with gastric cancer (r=0.742, P=0.026). The proportion of EBV infection was higher in male patients with gastric cancer (6.49%) than in females (P < 0.001).
    CONCLUSIONS The incidence of EBV-infected gastric cancer is low, but it is closely related to PIK3CA gene mutation, gender, tumor location, invasion depth and lymph node metastasis in patients with gastric cancer.

     

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