OBJECTIVE To evaluate the application effect of implementation strategies in the prevention and control of surgical site infection (SSI), and to review its research progress.

METHODS A scoping review method was employed, involving systematic searches across databases such as Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane, CNKI and Wanfang. After screening based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the included literature was analyzed and reported in a standardized manner.

RESULTS A total of 47 articles were included. Most studies adopted comprehensive evidence-based practices (EBP) (≥2 types) and employed multimodal implementation strategies (≥3 items) to facilitate the implementation of SSI prevention and control EBP. Within the framework of the WHO multimodal strategy, 42, 39, 39 and 24 studies respectively applied the four implementation strategies of system change, education and training, monitoring and feedback and reminder and communication, while only 9 studies applied the strategy of creating a safety culture. The highest proportion of studies (31.91%, 15/47) employed a combination of four implementation strategies, with the common combination being "system change + education and training + monitoring and feedback + reminder and communication" (29.79%, 14/47), and this combination of four implementation strategies demonstrated outstanding performance in enhancing EBP compliance. Totally 26(55.32%) showed decrease in the incidence of SSI after intervention(P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS Implementation strategies are crucial for the successful implementation of SSI prevention and control EBP. Multimodal implementation strategies are common approaches to facilitate the implementation of EBP. In the future, it is necessary to further standardize the application of scientific methods and improve the effect evaluation of implementation strategies, providing a reference for the sustained and widespread application of EBP in clinical practice.